2019 Lake Joondalup (Western Australia) approx location Site S02
April 2019: 8 PFAS chemicals detected. PFOS detected at 42.6 times the 99% ecological default guideline value.
October 2019: 9 PFAS chemicals detected. PFOS detected at 34.3 times the 99% ecological default guideline value.
For more information: Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in the Perth metropolitan area
Ambient concentrations in surface water and groundwater
November 2022
PFOS 99% ecological default guideline value: 0.00023ug/L